Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin
- The former rural housing programme Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) was reorganised as Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G) with effect from April 1, 2016, in order to fulfil the goal of “Housing for All” by 2022.
- The Ministry of Rural Development is involved.
- Goal: By the end of March 2022, all rural households who are homeless or residing in kutcha or run-down dwellings would have access to a pucca house with the necessities.
- To assist rural residents who fall below the poverty line (BPL) in building new homes and renovating their current, unusable kutcha houses by offering complete grants.
- released bond workers as well as non-SC/ST groups
- widows or surviving family members of defence soldiers killed in combat
- former military personnel and retired paramilitary personnel
- minorities and those with disabilities.
- Beneficiaries are chosen using a three-stage validation process that includes geotagging, the Socioeconomic Caste Census of 2011, and Gramme Sabha.
- Cost Sharing: In plain areas, the Central and State Governments split the cost of unit aid 60:40; in hilly and northeastern states, the ratio is 90:10.
Contemporary technology in the PMAY mission:
- As part of the Global Housing Technology Challenge (GHTC), six sites spread across six States are home to LightHouse Projects (LHPs).
LHPs make use of cutting-edge technology and creative procedures:
- To speed up development and create more sturdy, reasonably priced homes for the impoverished.
- Use alternative construction technologies like Mivan: it casts and builds different building elements using sophisticated, recyclable, and reusable aluminium formwork.
- In terms of speed and quality, this methodology outperforms conventional construction approaches.
- Its impact on the environment is comparatively lesser because there was less waste during the construction process.
- Mivan presents a dilemma because it offers greater efficiency while lowering the project’s overall duration and expense.
Materials’ effects on the environment:
- Increased heat gain from the building envelope due to the significant usage of steel and cement without adequate insulation results in thermal distress.
- People turn to using air conditioners and other cooling appliances more frequently.
- The use of cooling appliances leads to an increase in power usage, which in turn causes a rise in greenhouse gas emissions.
- While high-efficiency appliances are available, the prevalence of lower-efficiency appliances due to lower purchase costs results in higher electricity usage and greenhouse gas emissions.
Actions for Eco-Friendly Housing:
- Achieving a harmonious balance between many objectives requires enforcing rules incorporated in construction codes, such as Eco Niwas Samhita.
- This approach focuses attention on fine-tuning building envelope properties related to certain climate zones.
- It makes building environments more comfortable in terms of temperature.
- The PMAY Untenable Slum Redevelopment project’s Smart Ghar III project in Rajkot, which is an inexpensive housing effort, is a shining example of how to achieve indoor thermal comfort through the application of passive design.
- Include certain passive design elements in building designs that require the implementation of rules and regulations.
Difficulties with design:
- End users, suppliers of materials, contractors, engineers, and architects
- Limitations and consciousness levels concerning environmentally friendly behaviours.
- The lack of obvious benefits that end users experience due to ignorance is a barrier to encouraging the adoption of passive designs.
Way Ahead:
- To promote the adoption and proper application of the codes, an ecosystem shift is required along the entire value chain.
- educating stakeholders, encouraging their cooperation, and providing incentives for developers to give passive designs a priority.
- It is essential to address the environmental impact of construction operations given the building sector’s increasing importance and its role in GHG emissions.
- The future holds a growing stock of buildings, therefore it’s critical to weigh the trade-offs between operational and embodied emissions.
- By incorporating environmental awareness into housing projects
- make sure the dwellings are sturdy constructions that will help the occupants adapt to a rising climate in addition to providing people with a place to live.
