The Prayas ePathshala

Exams आसान है !

19 October 2024

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Q1. Which of the following is/are incorrect about members of Rajya Sabha?

  1. The retiring members are not eligible for re-election and re-nomination any number of times.
  1. The Constitution has not fixed the term of office of members of the Rajya Sabha and left it to the Parliament.
  1. The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution deals with the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha to the states and union territories.
  1. One-fourth of its members retire every second year and their seats are filled up by fresh elections and presidential nominations at the beginning of every third year.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 4 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3 only

(d) 2, 3 and 4 only

ANS-B

Explanation:

  • The retiring members are eligible for re-election and re-nomination any number of times.
  • Statement 4 is incorrect:One-third of its members retire every second year and their seats are filled up by fresh elections and presidential nominations at the beginning of every third year.
  • Recently, the Rajya Sabha bid farewell to four retiring members of the Upper House with Deputy Chairman Harivansh heaping lavish praise on the leader of the Opposition Ghulam Nabi Azad.
  • Duration of Rajya Sabha: The Rajya Sabha is a continuing chamber which was first constituted in 1952. It implies that it is a permanent body and not subject to dissolution.
  • One-third of its members retire every second year and their seats are filled up by fresh elections and presidential nominations at the beginning of every third year.
  • The retiring members are eligible for re-election and re-nomination any number of times.
  • The Constitution has not fixed the term of office of members of the Rajya Sabha and left it to the Parliament.
  • The Parliament in the Representation of the People Act (1951) provided that the term of office of a member of the Rajya Sabha shall be six years.

Composition of Rajya Sabha:

  • The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution deals with the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha to the states and union territories:

Representation of States:

  • The representatives of states in the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of state legislative assemblies.
  • The seats are allotted to the states in the Rajya Sabha on the basis of population.

Representation of Union Territories:

  • The representatives of each union territory in the Rajya Sabha are indirectly elected by members of an electoral college specially constituted for the purpose.

Nominated Members:

  • The president nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha from people who have special knowledge or practical experience in art, literature, science and social service.

Q2. Consider the following statements:

  1. Gandhi decided for cessation of the Non- Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura Incident.
  1. Chauri Chaura Support Fund was set up by Gandhi as a “genuine sympathy” and to seek atonement for the incident.

Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

ANS-D

Explanation:

The Chauri Chaura Incident:

  • Prime Minister has released a postage stamp on the centenary of the Chauri Chaura incident. Chauri Chaura is a town located in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement against the government on 1st
  • It involved using swadeshi and boycott of foreign goods, especially machine made cloth, and legal, educational and administrative institutions, “refusing to assist a ruler who misrules”.
  • Volunteers of the Congress and the Khilafat Movement were organised into a national volunteer corps in 1921-22.
  • The Congress supported the movement and Mahatma Gandhi sought to conjoin it to the Non-Cooperation Movement.
  • On 4th February, volunteers congregated in the town, and after the meeting, proceeded in a procession to the local police station, and to picket the nearby Mundera bazaar.
  • The police fired into the crowd killing some people and injuring many volunteers.
  • In retaliation, the crowd proceeded to set the police station on fire.
  • Some of the policemen who tried to escape were caught and battered to death.
  • A lot of police property, including weapons, was destroyed.
  • The British Raj prosecuted the accused aggressively.
  • A sessions court quickly sentenced172 of the 225 accused to death. However, ultimately, only 19 of those convicted were hanged.
  • Mahatma Gandhi condemned the crime of the policemen’s killing.
  • Chauri Chaura Support Fund was set up by Gandhi as an “genuine sympathy” and to seek atonement.
  • Gandhi decided to stop the Non- Cooperation Movement, the Congress Working Committee on 12th February, 1922,formally suspended the movement.
  • Hence both statements are correct.

Q3. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

  1. Flue-gas desulfurization is a technology used to remove Sulfur dioxide from Exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants.
  1. SNOX Flue gas desulfurization technology removes Sulfur dioxide from Nitric oxide.

Select the correct option using the codes given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

ANS-A

Explanation:

  • SNOX Flue gas desulfurization removes sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulates from flue gases.
  • Flue Gas Desulphurization Flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is a set of technologies used sulphur dioxide (SO2) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants, andfrom the emissions of other sulphur oxide emitting processes such as waste incineration
  • Since stringent environmental regulations limiting SO2 emissions have been enacted in many countries, SO2 is being removed from flue gases by a variety of methods.

Common methods used are:

  • Wet scrubbing using a slurry of alkaline sorbent, usually limestone or lime, or seawater to scrub gases; Spray-dry scrubbing using similar sorbent slurries; Wet sulfuric acid process recovering sulfur in the form of commercial quality sulphuric acid.
  • SNOX Flue gas desulfurization removes sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulates from flue gases; Dry sorbent injection systems that introduce powdered hydrated lime(or other sorbent material) into exhaust ducts to eliminate SO2 and SO3 from process emissions.
  • Flue gas (sometimes called exhaust gas or stack gas) is the gas that emanates from combustion plants and which contains the reaction products of fuel and combustion air and residual substances such as particulate matter (dust), sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide.

Q4. Consider the following:

  1. ‘It is located at the border areas of Nagaland and Manipur.
  2. The Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary is located close to it.
  3. Lilium Chitrangada, a species of Lily, is endemic to this place’.

Which of the following is being described above?

(a) Ntangki National Park

(b) Dhing Valley

(c) Barak Valley

(d) Dzukou valley

ANS-D

Explanation:

Location in news:

  • Dzukou valley The Dzukou Valley has had faced two-week long forest fire which has recently been doused.
  • This valley is highly prone to forest fires and has had such incidences before.
  • Dzukou Valley is popularly called the valley of flowers.
  • It is located at the border area of Nagaland and Manipur.
  • It is situated at an altitude of 2438 metres behind the Japfu mountains.
  • The Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary is located close to it.
  • The forests are home to many vulnerable species of wild animals and birds.
  • There are no humans in the forest. The major population of vegetation that is found in the forests is of bamboos and grasses.
  • The valley also houses the famous endemic Dzukou Lily viz.
  • Lilium Chitrangada Birds found in the valley are Blyth’s Tragopan, Rufous-Necked Hornbill and Dark Rumped Swift along with endangered Western Hoolock Gibbons.
  • The valley hosts Angami population and has been a bone of contention between the state governments of Manipur and Nagaland.

Q5. Consider the following statements regarding the Financial Stability Board (FSB):

  1. It is funded by World Bank.
  2. It monitors and makes recommendations about the global financial system.
  3. The International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) works closely with FSB for securities regulation.

Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

 ANS-B

 Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Funded by bank for international settlements.
  • Financial Stability Board (FSB). It was established after the G20 London Summit in April2009 as a successor to the Financial Stability Forum (FSF).
  • The Board includes all G20 major economies, FSF members, and the European Commission.
  • Hosted and funded by the Bank for International Settlements, the board is based in Basel, Switzerland.
  • The Financial Stability Board (FSB) is an international body that monitors and makes recommendations about the global financial system.
  • Recently, the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) has become an Associate Member of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO).

About IOSCO:

  • It is the international body that brings together the world’s securities regulators and is recognized as the global standard setter for the securities sector.
  • IOSCO develops, implements and promotes adherence to internationally recognized standards for securities regulation. It works intensively with the G20 and the Financial
  • Stability Board (FSB) on the global regulatory reform agenda.

IFSC in India:

  • The first International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in the country has been set up at the Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT) in Gandhinagar.
  • To regulate such institutions, the government established IFSCA on April 27 last year with its head office in Gandhinagar.
  • In December 2019, Parliament passed a bill to set upa unified authority for regulating all financial activities at IFSCs in the country.

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