Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt. 

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt. 

Among the following statements, which is true with respect to data collection on smuggling of turtles in India.

(A) Centralized data is available till 2016

(B) Centralized data has been collected between 2011-2016

(C) Centralized data is available since 2016

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

As per this article why are turtles an important part of the riverine system?

(A) They are indicators of river health

(B) They act as scavengers

(C) They clean up the river

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Which among the following species of tortoise & turtles are most prevalent in pet trade of SE Asia and China?

A) Star Tortoise   

B) TFT

C) Spotted Pond turtle 

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Which are the major areas where TFT poaching is happening in India?

A) Coastal Kerala                

B) Rivers of the Western Ghats

C) Rivers in Eastern Ghats 

D) The Ganga and its tributaries

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.

Staggering

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.

Tip of the iceberg

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.

Ignominy

Directions

Despite strict enforcement, ease of transport leads thousands, including endangered species, to be smuggled abroad. As the smuggling networks strengthen, India continues to bear the ignominy of being the source of the illegal trade and export of tortoises and freshwater turtles (TFT). The detection of a staggering 58,442 smuggled amphibians over five years, demonstrates the persistence of the illegal trade despite increasing enforcement, reveals the recently-conducted study by researchers from Freeland India and Turtle Survival Alliance. Disconcertingly, the study — published in the journal Biological Conservation in its March 2017 issue, finds that 14 species were being commercially harvested — nine more in 1993, when a similar study was conducted.

“This is just the tip of the iceberg, and the actual seizures could be much higher. Since there is no centralised data, we started keeping data from 2016. During this time, an additional 30,000 live individuals were seized in the country, a majority from the Gangetic plains,” said Shailendra Singh, Programme Director of Turtle Survival Alliance, and co-author of the study.

Researchers perused 223 reported seizures by authorities between 2011-15. Most of the seizures were in India, while the rest were from Bangladesh, Thailand and China. Of the amphibians seized, the turtles were established as having come from India. Within India, the Gangetic Plains accounted for 46% of all seizures, with Lucknow and Kanpur being major hubs. Researchers said this was linked to tightening of the enforcement (including an active Special Task Force) in Uttar Pradesh and the Gangetic belt. There is a tradition of turtle poaching in this area given the diversity of TFT population along the river. Apart from the Ganga and its tributaries, TFTs have been poached in rivers of the Western Ghats and, in smaller numbers, in the Eastern Ghats. The cities of Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have seen large-scale seizures, suggesting accumulation before export, the researchers said.

While domestic consumption of turtle meat in West Bengal and Bangladesh continues, it is the international export to south-east Asian countries and China that rake in profits for smugglers. “The species are poached by fishermen in streams, ponds and rivers. Very rarely are the traded species bred — they are mostly taken from the wild. It reaches middlemen who have strong networks to smuggle them across international borders. Turtles and tortoises are taken in trucks, buses and trains towards Bangladesh or through airports to south-east Asia,” said Uttara Mendiratta, who along with colleague Vallari Sheel from Freeland India, authored the report.

While enforcement has become stricter, the ease of transporting thousands of turtle hatchlings in bags has led the trade to continue unhindered. On the persistence of the trade and expanding list of species being poached, Ms Mendiratta says, “In the meat markets in Bangladesh, there is indiscriminate poaching now as long as the turtles caught can be consumed. In the pet trade of SE Asia and China, there is an increasing diversity of species that is being sold from India. Before, it was primarily Star Tortoises. But now, the numbers of species such as Spotted Pond Turtle are on the rise.”

Turtles form an important part of the riverine system, acting as scavengers in cleaning up water bodies and generally being indicators of river health. Ironically, the National Mission for Clean Ganga envisages breeding and release of turtles to clean wetlands, even as poaching and trade continues across the Gangetic belt.

Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.

Scavengers

Directions

In each of the following questions, a sentence is given with a part missing. Out of the remaining options choose the one that provides the filler that suits the context most appropriately and is grammatically correct.

The best way to do this _________________bring domestic fuels under the purview of the goods and services tax.

I. May have been to

II. Might been to

III. Might be to

Directions

In each of the following questions, a sentence is given with a part missing. Out of the remaining options choose the one that provides the filler that suits the context most appropriately and is grammatically correct.

Corporate law in India must allow Indian start-ups ____________ with differential voting rights, to enable them to tap foreign capital and yet retain control.

I. To issue shares

II. Issuing bonds

III. To invest

Directions

In each of the following questions, a sentence is given with a part missing. Out of the remaining options choose the one that provides the filler that suits the context most appropriately and is grammatically correct.

The National Company Law Tribunal too ___________________the rules to ensure that they are not “misused or misinterpreted” by resolution professionals.

I. Wants a feedback to

II. Wants a review of

III. Wants a report of

Directions

In each of the following questions, a sentence is given with a part missing. Out of the remaining options choose the one that provides the filler that suits the context most appropriately and is grammatically correct.

In tandem, the government should open up the retail market, ___________________ transport and storage infrastructure, so that competition would take the flab out of the retail business.

I. Provide facility for

II. To provide wider outlook in

III. Providing open access to

Directions

In each of the following questions, a sentence is given with a part missing. Out of the remaining options choose the one that provides the filler that suits the context most appropriately and is grammatically correct.

The government is _____________________ to permit Indian entrepreneurs to raise funds without losing control.

I. Reportedly exploring ways

II. Presumably exploring ideas

III. Perhaps analysing means

Directions

In each sentence below, there are two blanks spaces. Below each sentence some pairs of words are given. Pick out the most appropriate pair to fill in the blanks in the same order, to make the sentence meaningfully complete.

More than 1,70,000 people have taken _____, _____ 121 relief camps.

Directions

In each sentence below, there are two blanks spaces. Below each sentence some pairs of words are given. Pick out the most appropriate pair to fill in the blanks in the same order, to make the sentence meaningfully complete.

The chairperson expressed_____, ____ the prevalence of child labour.

Directions

In each sentence below, there are two blanks spaces. Below each sentence some pairs of words are given. Pick out the most appropriate pair to fill in the blanks in the same order, to make the sentence meaningfully complete.

The law actually _____ the practice of child labour_____specifying (certain) works for which children below 14 years of age can be employed.

Directions

In each sentence below, there are two blanks spaces. Below each sentence some pairs of words are given. Pick out the most appropriate pair to fill in the blanks in the same order, to make the sentence meaningfully complete.

Gem polishing has emerged _____ the ______ child labour-intensive industry in the country.

Directions

In each sentence below, there are two blanks spaces. Below each sentence some pairs of words are given. Pick out the most appropriate pair to fill in the blanks in the same order, to make the sentence meaningfully complete.

Today Pranab Mukherjee will be _____ in _____ the 13^th President of the Indian republic.

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

As many as nine out of ten dieters           (21) have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they lose; and up to half end up weighing even more than they did before. Most of these people            (22) their problem as a personal failure – they think          (23) should have been more strong – minded. This is a fallacy, however, for            (24) is growing evidence that many dieters get locked            (25) a losing battle with their own bodies, which fight like mad and                        (26) the starvation process. There  is  also a                           (27) reason to believe  that dieting may be bad                   (28) you – particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in                    (29).

These days,  disillusioned  dieters are   advised  by  more  and more             (30) to throw away their scales and calorie counters and come to terms with their physical appearance.

Fill in the blanks with the alternatives given below :

Directions

Study the following pie-charts carefully and answer the questions given below:

The Pie chart shows the District wise Population of a state.

Total population = 36,00,000

Literate Population = 12,00,000

What is the difference between total literate and illiterate population of district A & B altogether?

Directions

Study the following pie-charts carefully and answer the questions given below:

The Pie chart shows the District wise Population of a state.

Total population = 36,00,000

Literate Population = 12,00,000

The total population of district F is how much percent more than that of district C?

Directions

Study the following pie-charts carefully and answer the questions given below:

The Pie chart shows the District wise Population of a state.

Total population = 36,00,000

Literate Population = 12,00,000

What is the total illiterate population of district D?

Directions

Study the following pie-charts carefully and answer the questions given below:

The Pie chart shows the District wise Population of a state.

Total population = 36,00,000

Literate Population = 12,00,000

What is the average number of literate population in Districts A, B & C  altogether?

Directions

Study the following pie-charts carefully and answer the questions given below:

The Pie chart shows the District wise Population of a state.

Total population = 36,00,000

Literate Population = 12,00,000

What is the ratio of the illiterate population of district E to the total literate population of district  F?

Directions

In the following questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations. Give answer :

I. 40x² + 81x + 35 = 0

II. 63y² + 103y + 42 = 0

Directions

In the following questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations. Give answer :

I. 84y² – 187y + 104 = 0

II. 132x² – 41x – 40 = 0

Directions

In the following questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations. Give answer :

I. x² – 208 = 233

II. y² + 47 – 371 = 0

Directions

In the following questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations. Give answer :

I. 8x² – 78x + 169 = 0     

II. 20y² – 117y + 169 = 0

Directions

In the following questions, two equations numbered I and II are given.

You have to solve both the equations and give answer.

(1) If x > y

(2) If x < y

(3) If x ≥ y

(4) If x ≤ y

(5) If x = y or Relationship between x & y cannot be established.                                                                 

I. 2x² + 3x – 5 = 0

II. 4y² – y – 3 = 0

Directions

What is the approximate difference between percent increase/ decrease in the appointment of Managers and clerks from the year 2010 to 2011?

Directions

What was the approximate average number of managers in all the years together?

Directions

What was the ratio of the number of appointed managers in 2013 to the appointed clerks in 2011 ?

Directions

The number of appointed clerks in the year 2010 was approximately what percent of the number of appointed managers in the same year?

Directions

What is the approximate difference between the average of number of managers & the average of number of clerks appointed in all the years together?

In what time will Rs. 25000 amount to Rs. 26530.20 @ 4% pa compound interest payable half-yearly?

Raman gave a certain amount to his son Ritesh for buying some pens and pencils.  With this amount Ritesh can purchase either 10 pens or 30 pencils. Ritesh bought a chocolate with 10% of total amount and purchased 7 pens. How many pencils he can purchase with rest of the money.

A bag contains 5 red flowers, 7 yellow flowers and 8 green flowers. 3 flowers are drawn randomly. What is the probability that the flowers drawn contain flowers of different colors?

A well with 20 m inside diameter is dug 10 m deep. Soil taken out of it has been evenly spread all around it to a width of 30 m to form an embankment. Find the height of the embankment. 

The length and breadth of a rectangular plot of a land are in the ratio 9:7. The owner spent Rs 8,000/- for surrounding it from all the sides at the rate of Rs 10 per meter. What is the difference between the length and breadth of the plot?

The average price of 20 shirts is Rs.560 while the average price of 18 of these shirts is Rs.490. Of the remaining two shirts, if the price of one shirt is 80% more than the price of the other, then what is the price of each of these two shirts?   

Two washing machines were purchased at the same price. One was sold at a profit of 20% and another was sold at a price which was Rs. 1650 less than the price at which the first was sold. If the overall profit earned by selling both the washing machines was 8% then what was the cost of both washing machines?

The sum of present ages of Ria and Anju is 52 years. Today Anju is 4 years older than Shweta. The respective ratio of the present ages of Ria and Shweta is 1 : 1. What was Anju’s age 2 years ago?

The monthly income of Yash and Rohit together is Rs. 52000. The income of Yash and Rohit is increased by 25% and 15% respectively. The new income of Rohit is Rs. 2200 more than the new income of Yash. What is the new income of Rohit?

A man covers a certain distance by car, driving at the speed of 75 kmph and returns back to the starting point, riding on a bike at the speed of 25 kmph. What is his average speed for the whole journey?

Directions

In each of the following questions, a number series is given. After the series a number is given followed by (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e). You have to complete the series starting with the number given following the sequence of the given series.

Directions

In each of the following questions, a number series is given. After the series a number is given followed by (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e). You have to complete the series starting with the number given following the sequence of the given series.

Directions

In each of the following questions, a number series is given. After the series a number is given followed by (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e). You have to complete the series starting with the number given following the sequence of the given series.

Directions

In each of the following questions, a number series is given. After the series a number is given followed by (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e). You have to complete the series starting with the number given following the sequence of the given series.

Directions

In each of the following questions, a number series is given. After the series a number is given followed by (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e). You have to complete the series starting with the number given following the sequence of the given series.

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions:

Three companies A, B, and C manufactures two different types of men’s shoes, viz., Loafers and Sneakers. Total number of shoes of both types manufactured by all three companies is 32000 and total number of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 11900. The ratio of the numbers of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 7:10. Loafers manufactured by company B is 135% of Loafers manufactured by company A. Total number of shoes (both Loafers and Sneakers) manufactured by company B is 140% of total number of shoes manufactured by company A. The number of Loafers manufactured by company C is 65% less than the number of Sneakers manufactured by company A.

The total number of Loafers manufactured by B is how much percent more than total number of Loafers manufactured by C?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions:

Three companies A, B, and C manufactures two different types of men’s shoes, viz., Loafers and Sneakers. Total number of shoes of both types manufactured by all three companies is 32000 and total number of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 11900. The ratio of the numbers of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 7:10. Loafers manufactured by company B is 135% of Loafers manufactured by company A. Total number of shoes (both Loafers and Sneakers) manufactured by company B is 140% of total number of shoes manufactured by company A. The number of Loafers manufactured by company C is 65% less than the number of Sneakers manufactured by company A.

What is the ratio of the number of Sneakers to the number of Loafers manufactured by Company A?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions:

Three companies A, B, and C manufactures two different types of men’s shoes, viz., Loafers and Sneakers. Total number of shoes of both types manufactured by all three companies is 32000 and total number of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 11900. The ratio of the numbers of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 7:10. Loafers manufactured by company B is 135% of Loafers manufactured by company A. Total number of shoes (both Loafers and Sneakers) manufactured by company B is 140% of total number of shoes manufactured by company A. The number of Loafers manufactured by company C is 65% less than the number of Sneakers manufactured by company A.

What is the average number of Loafers manufactured by all three companies?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions:

Three companies A, B, and C manufactures two different types of men’s shoes, viz., Loafers and Sneakers. Total number of shoes of both types manufactured by all three companies is 32000 and total number of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 11900. The ratio of the numbers of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 7:10. Loafers manufactured by company B is 135% of Loafers manufactured by company A. Total number of shoes (both Loafers and Sneakers) manufactured by company B is 140% of total number of shoes manufactured by company A. The number of Loafers manufactured by company C is 65% less than the number of Sneakers manufactured by company A.

The number of Sneakers manufactured by C is approximately what percentage of the total number of shoes manufactured by C?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions:

Three companies A, B, and C manufactures two different types of men’s shoes, viz., Loafers and Sneakers. Total number of shoes of both types manufactured by all three companies is 32000 and total number of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 11900. The ratio of the numbers of Loafers and Sneakers manufactured by company A is 7:10. Loafers manufactured by company B is 135% of Loafers manufactured by company A. Total number of shoes (both Loafers and Sneakers) manufactured by company B is 140% of total number of shoes manufactured by company A. The number of Loafers manufactured by company C is 65% less than the number of Sneakers manufactured by company A.

What is the difference between the total number of Sneakers and the total number of Loafers manufactured by all three companies together?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the following:

Eight doctors Jaya, Komal, Lalita, Mohini, Neelam, Suman, Preeti and Riya are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre. Each of them passed from the same medical college but from different batches viz. 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 – but not necessarily in the same order.

i) Mohini is sitting second to the right of Komal.

ii) Lalita is sitting third to the right of Jaya. Lalita and Jaya are from the batches which are before 2008.

iii) The person from the 2012 batch is sitting exactly between Jaya and Komal.

iv) Neelam, who is the senior most, is not an immediate neighbour of Jaya or Mohini.

v) Riya is senior to only Mohini in the group.

vi) Riya is sitting second to the left of Preeti. Preeti is not an immediate neighbour of Neelam.

vii) Jaya is junior to Lalita and  Komal is senior to Suman.

Which of the following doctors are from 2004 and 2014 batch respectively?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the following:

Eight doctors Jaya, Komal, Lalita, Mohini, Neelam, Suman, Preeti and Riya are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre. Each of them passed from the same medical college but from different batches viz. 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 – but not necessarily in the same order.

i) Mohini is sitting second to the right of Komal.

ii) Lalita is sitting third to the right of Jaya. Lalita and Jaya are from the batches which are before 2008.

iii) The person from the 2012 batch is sitting exactly between Jaya and Komal.

iv) Neelam, who is the senior most, is not an immediate neighbour of Jaya or Mohini.

v) Riya is senior to only Mohini in the group.

vi) Riya is sitting second to the left of Preeti. Preeti is not an immediate neighbour of Neelam.

vii) Jaya is junior to Lalita and  Komal is senior to Suman.

Who is sitting fifth to the left of the doctor from 2006 batch?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the following:

Eight doctors Jaya, Komal, Lalita, Mohini, Neelam, Suman, Preeti and Riya are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre. Each of them passed from the same medical college but from different batches viz. 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 – but not necessarily in the same order.

i) Mohini is sitting second to the right of Komal.

ii) Lalita is sitting third to the right of Jaya. Lalita and Jaya are from the batches which are before 2008.

iii) The person from the 2012 batch is sitting exactly between Jaya and Komal.

iv) Neelam, who is the senior most, is not an immediate neighbour of Jaya or Mohini.

v) Riya is senior to only Mohini in the group.

vi) Riya is sitting second to the left of Preeti. Preeti is not an immediate neighbour of Neelam.

vii) Jaya is junior to Lalita and  Komal is senior to Suman.

In which year has Mohini passed out?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the following:

Eight doctors Jaya, Komal, Lalita, Mohini, Neelam, Suman, Preeti and Riya are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre. Each of them passed from the same medical college but from different batches viz. 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 – but not necessarily in the same order.

i) Mohini is sitting second to the right of Komal.

ii) Lalita is sitting third to the right of Jaya. Lalita and Jaya are from the batches which are before 2008.

iii) The person from the 2012 batch is sitting exactly between Jaya and Komal.

iv) Neelam, who is the senior most, is not an immediate neighbour of Jaya or Mohini.

v) Riya is senior to only Mohini in the group.

vi) Riya is sitting second to the left of Preeti. Preeti is not an immediate neighbour of Neelam.

vii) Jaya is junior to Lalita and  Komal is senior to Suman.

Which of the following statements is true regarding Preeti?

Directions

Read the following information carefully and answer the following:

Eight doctors Jaya, Komal, Lalita, Mohini, Neelam, Suman, Preeti and Riya are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre. Each of them passed from the same medical college but from different batches viz. 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 – but not necessarily in the same order.

i) Mohini is sitting second to the right of Komal.

ii) Lalita is sitting third to the right of Jaya. Lalita and Jaya are from the batches which are before 2008.

iii) The person from the 2012 batch is sitting exactly between Jaya and Komal.

iv) Neelam, who is the senior most, is not an immediate neighbour of Jaya or Mohini.

v) Riya is senior to only Mohini in the group.

vi) Riya is sitting second to the left of Preeti. Preeti is not an immediate neighbour of Neelam.

vii) Jaya is junior to Lalita and  Komal is senior to Suman.

What is the position of Lalita with respect to Riya?

Directions

How is Nisha related to Mansi?

Directions

Which among the following is/are the husband-wife pair?

Directions

How many male members are there in the family?

Directions

Which of the following statements is true?

Directions

How many daughters Ajay and Rekha have?

Directions

Directions

Directions

Directions

Directions

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answers the questions given below.

Eight people viz. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line facing North. Each one of them has their birthdays in different months viz. January, February, March, April, May, June, July and August but not necessarily in the same order.

(i) G sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in May. The person whose birthday is in August sits second to the right of G. A and E are immediate neighbours of each other. Neither A nor E is an immediate neighbour of G.

(ii) H sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in January. Neither A nor E has birthday is in January. H’s birthday is not in August.

(iii) Only two people sit between E and the person whose birthday is in July. The person whose birthday is in February sits to the immediate left of D.

(iv) Only one person sits between E and B. C’s birthdays is on one of the months before July. E’s birthday is after April. G’s birthday is after A’s birthday, who sits at extreme end. G’s birthday is not in July.

On which of the following month does H has his birthday?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answers the questions given below.

Eight people viz. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line facing North. Each one of them has their birthdays in different months viz. January, February, March, April, May, June, July and August but not necessarily in the same order.

(i) G sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in May. The person whose birthday is in August sits second to the right of G. A and E are immediate neighbours of each other. Neither A nor E is an immediate neighbour of G.

(ii) H sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in January. Neither A nor E has birthday is in January. H’s birthday is not in August.

(iii) Only two people sit between E and the person whose birthday is in July. The person whose birthday is in February sits to the immediate left of D.

(iv) Only one person sits between E and B. C’s birthdays is on one of the months before July. E’s birthday is after April. G’s birthday is after A’s birthday, who sits at extreme end. G’s birthday is not in July.

Who amongst the following sits exactly between E and B?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answers the questions given below.

Eight people viz. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line facing North. Each one of them has their birthdays in different months viz. January, February, March, April, May, June, July and August but not necessarily in the same order.

(i) G sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in May. The person whose birthday is in August sits second to the right of G. A and E are immediate neighbours of each other. Neither A nor E is an immediate neighbour of G.

(ii) H sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in January. Neither A nor E has birthday is in January. H’s birthday is not in August.

(iii) Only two people sit between E and the person whose birthday is in July. The person whose birthday is in February sits to the immediate left of D.

(iv) Only one person sits between E and B. C’s birthdays is on one of the months before July. E’s birthday is after April. G’s birthday is after A’s birthday, who sits at extreme end. G’s birthday is not in July.

‘H’ is related to ‘July’ in a certain way based on the above arrangement. ‘B’ is related to ‘June’ following the same pattern. Then who is related to ‘May’ following the same pattern?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answers the questions given below.

Eight people viz. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line facing North. Each one of them has their birthdays in different months viz. January, February, March, April, May, June, July and August but not necessarily in the same order.

(i) G sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in May. The person whose birthday is in August sits second to the right of G. A and E are immediate neighbours of each other. Neither A nor E is an immediate neighbour of G.

(ii) H sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in January. Neither A nor E has birthday is in January. H’s birthday is not in August.

(iii) Only two people sit between E and the person whose birthday is in July. The person whose birthday is in February sits to the immediate left of D.

(iv) Only one person sits between E and B. C’s birthdays is on one of the months before July. E’s birthday is after April. G’s birthday is after A’s birthday, who sits at extreme end. G’s birthday is not in July.

Which of the following is true regarding D?

Directions

Study the following information carefully and answers the questions given below.

Eight people viz. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line facing North. Each one of them has their birthdays in different months viz. January, February, March, April, May, June, July and August but not necessarily in the same order.

(i) G sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in May. The person whose birthday is in August sits second to the right of G. A and E are immediate neighbours of each other. Neither A nor E is an immediate neighbour of G.

(ii) H sits third to the right of the person whose birthday is in January. Neither A nor E has birthday is in January. H’s birthday is not in August.

(iii) Only two people sit between E and the person whose birthday is in July. The person whose birthday is in February sits to the immediate left of D.

(iv) Only one person sits between E and B. C’s birthdays is on one of the months before July. E’s birthday is after April. G’s birthday is after A’s birthday, who sits at extreme end. G’s birthday is not in July.

Who amongst the following has birthday in the month of June?

Directions

What is the code for the letter ‘T’?

Directions

What is the code for the letter ‘L’?

Directions

What is the code for the letter ‘B’?

Directions

If ‘C’ is coded as ‘4’, then how is the letter ‘P’ coded?

Directions

If ‘O’ is coded as 6 and P is coded as 4, then how is the letter ‘U’ coded?

Directions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Directions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Directions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Directions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Directions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Directions

Read the following information to answer the questions:

A + B means A is father of B.

A – B means A is sister of B.

A x B means A is husband of B.

A ÷ B means A is wife of B.

Which of the following means L has a Blood – relationship with O?

Directions

Read the following information to answer the questions:

A + B means A is father of B.

A – B means A is sister of B.

A x B means A is husband of B.

A ÷ B means A is wife of B.

Which of the following is true for A + B –  C ÷ D + E – F?

Directions

Read the following information to answer the questions:

A + B means A is father of B.

A – B means A is sister of B.

A x B means A is husband of B.

A ÷ B means A is wife of B.

Which of the following means A is maternal grandmother of D?

In a certain code STABLE is written as [email protected]%4 and PRODUCT is written as 6#9*&13. How is APPLE written in that code?

Julia started walking towards North. After walking 30 meters she turned right and walked 40 meters and took a left turn and walked 20 meter. Again she turned left and walked 70 meters. Again she turned left and walked 50 meters How far is Julia from the initial point?