The Prayas ePathshala

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19 September 2022 – The Hindu

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About the Wildlife Conservation in India

Effects of wildlife commerce that is illegal:

  • Due to demand generated by the illegal wildlife trade, certain species face extinction.
  • The environment is out of balance when animal resources are misused owing to unlawful commerce.
  • Trade gangs participate in the illegal trade in wildlife, which hurts the nation’s economy and contributes to social unrest.
  • Wild plants that provide genetic variability for agriculture are put in jeopardy by the illicit trade (a natural source of many medicines).

Actions Taken by the Law Against Different Species:

  • Stopping the illegal trading, transportation, and poaching of live turtles and tortoises is the major goal of Operation Save Kurma.
  • To curb the illegal trade in live turtles, Operation Turtshield was launched.
  • The objective of Operation Lesknow is to educate law enforcement about the illegal wildlife trade in less well-known wildlife species.
  • Operation Clean Art’s goal is to inform law enforcement about the unlawful trade of monkey hair brushes made from wildlife.
  • Operation Softgold’s goals include training the weavers and merchants involved in the illegal trade of Shahtoosh Shawls, which are made from wool from the Chiru region.
  • Operation Birbil aims to halt the illegal trade in wild bird and cat species.
  • Operation Wildnet was designed to educate law enforcement organisations about the rapidly expanding illegal wildlife trafficking that occurs online and on social media.
  • Operation Freefly: To stop the smuggling of live birds.
  • Operation Wetmark: To make sure that the selling of meat from wild animals is prohibited in all wet markets around the nation.

The domestic legal system in India for preserving wildlife:

Constitutional clauses addressing wildlife:

  • The Section on Forests and the Protection of Wild Animals and Birds of the 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 was moved from the State to the Concurrent List.
  • Every citizen has a fundamental responsibility to safeguard and enhance the natural environment, including forests and wildlife, in accordance with Article 51 A (g) of the Constitution.
  • The State must seek to preserve the nation’s forests, wildlife, and environment, according to Article 48 A of the Directive Principles of State Policy.

Legal Acts:

  • 1986 Environmental Protection Act
  • 1972 Wildlife (Protection) Act
  • 2002’s Biological Diversity Act

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