The Prayas ePathshala

Exams आसान है !

Q1. Discuss the advantages and difficulties of the Internet system based on satellites.

GS III – Science and Technology

Introduction:

Satellite Internet Services is a wireless internet connection that sends a signal from the Internet Service Provider (ISP) to users using satellites in orbit. The concept of an internet system in space is not new. It is utilised by a few privileged users via geostationary satellite. Over the past few years, a number of private firms have set out to use their fleet of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites to provide broadband satellite Internet to every country in the globe.

Advantages of internet systems based on satellites:

Smooth connectivity is provided by satellite-based internet in places where fibre connections aren’t possible, like highlands and isolated islands.
Faster than a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) connection, with current rates of around 100 Mbps thanks to constantly advancing technology.
It can support the realisation of the Digital India mission as well as aid in closing the nation’s digital divide.
Due to the limited ground infrastructure, satellite-based internet can be highly helpful in emergency or disaster recovery situations. It can also be useful for military surveillance and efficient navigation.
Even in remote locations, it may be used to deliver public services effectively. The local population may have access to new business opportunities if fast internet services are made more widely available.

Problems with the internet system based on satellites:

Compared to fibre optic lines, low speed and high latency are seen. Furthermore, compared to wireless cellular networks, satellite-based internet is more expensive.
Scientists and astronomers have also voiced concerns about an increase in “light pollution,” which is the term used to describe light reflected from artificial satellites that might obstruct and mislead observers into believing that it originates from other celestial bodies.
Possibility of increasing space debris, which could harm spacecraft or cause them to collide with other satellites. As a result of decades of space activity, there are already about one million objects in orbit with a diameter more than one centimetre.
In the beginning, the government controlled most space operations. Today, though, corporations now hold a greater amount of influence than nations do. Because of this, there are concerns about who regulates these businesses, particularly in light of the several countries that contribute to different projects.
As a result, satellite-based internet has the potential to bring about a period of consistent and dependable services for a sizable population. But they also need to be effectively addressed in terms of the issues and difficulties they raise.

Q2. The bureaucracy is crucial for providing public services, but it also plays a crucial part in upholding India’s constitutional order. Discuss

GS II – Governance related issues

Introduction:

Because government servants give the administrative system strength, bureaucracy in India is referred to as the nation’s steel frame. Because of its many responsibilities, bureaucracy is a powerful apparatus that guarantees the provision of services to the nation’s residents.

The function of civil services in providing public services:

Policy Formulation: Higher level government servants are in charge of formulating policies, which are then translated into services that the public can get. Take the creation of the National Food Security Act of 2013, for instance.
Putting Laws and Policies into Practise: Civil servants are also in charge of putting policies into practise on a daily basis. For instance, purchasing at MSP and PDS store monitoring.
The district administration implements particular initiatives to ensure the welfare of vulnerable groups, such as senior persons, women, and others. For instance, the District Administration of Churu, Rajasthan, provides free sanitary napkins.
Redress of grievances: The district administration has a significant responsibility to consider and resolve citizen grievances.

Bureaucracy’s function in maintaining constitutional order:

Easy handoff of power: Following every general election, administration is guaranteed by permanent bureaucracy. The constitutional democratic order is stable because bureaucracy is permanent.
Preserving public trust: The impartial and apolitical character of bureaucracy guarantees the preservation of public confidence in a variety of establishments, like the CAG, Election Commission, and so forth. To keep the constitutional order, citizens must have faith in these institutions’ intentions and capabilities.
Unity and integrity of the nation: Bureaucracy has contributed to the unity and integrity of the nation by bringing about economic reforms, fostering inclusive governance, and serving as a mediator between the government and the governed. This is because the wellbeing of the populace restrains separatist impulses.
Ensuring equality: One of the most important responsibilities of permanent executives or bureaucrats is to guarantee equal access to all services, regardless of caste, sex, or religion.
Transparency: The Central Information Commission and other bureaucrat-run organisations are essential to maintaining openness in government.
The “steel frame” of India will remain strong with the implementation of a few reforms that include e-governance, capacity building, and an enforceable citizen’s charter together with guarantees of independence, depoliticization, and tenure security.